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Willem Halffman1 and Loet Leydesdorff2
| (1) |
Department of Philosophy and Science Studies, Radboud University Nijmegen—Faculty of Science, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands |
| (2) |
Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands |
Published online: 20 March 2010 – Minerva- A Review of Science, Learning and Policy
Abstract
One of the unintended consequences of the New Public Management (NPM) in universities is often feared to be a division between elite institutions focused on research and large institutions with teaching missions. However, institutional isomorphisms provide counter-incentives. For example, university rankings focus on certain output parameters such as publications, but not on others (e.g., patents). In this study, we apply Gini coefficients to university rankings in order to assess whether universities are becoming more unequal, at the level of both the world and individual nations. Our results do not support the thesis that universities are becoming more unequal. If anything, we predominantly find homogenisation, both at the level of the global comparisons and nationally. In a more restricted dataset (using only publications in the natural and life sciences), we find increasing inequality for those countries, which used NPM during the 1990s, but not during the 2000s. Our findings suggest that increased output steering from the policy side leads to a global conformation to performance standards.
Keywords Elite universities - Gini coefficients - Inequality - University ranking - New public management - Output performance Continue reading Is Inequality Among Universities Increasing? Gini Coefficients and the Elusive Rise of Elite Universities
Gallup Survey
There is much discussion as to the amount of money the government in Washington should spend for national defense and military purposes. How do you feel about this? Do you think we are spending too little, about the right amount, or too much? Continue reading USA: Military and National Defense
La pertinence continue du modèle de la dépendance quantitative Modèle de (Bornschier)
Par :
Arno TAUSCH[1] Professeur adjoint de sciences politiques à l’université d’Innsbruck, Autriche
E-mail: Arno.Tausch @ uibk.ac.at
Almas HESHMATI, Professeur d’économie, College of Engineering, TEMEP, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim-dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742 Seoul, South Korea,Email: heshmati@snu.ac.kr
Hichem KAROUI, Docteur en sociologie, Sorbonne, Paris
Email : info@hichemkaroui.com
Soumis à Revue Tiers Monde (Paris)
3. La dépendance sur les MNC comme clé d’analyse des transformations contemporaines
Une analyse scientométrique de la vaste littérature de recherche empirique concernée par la dépendance dans les grandes revues internationales de sciences sociales, révèle que jusqu’au 4 Juillet 2009, 328 grandes études internationales ont cité l’analyse empirique très avancée de Galtung sur la dépendance (1971), qui lie la dépendance mesurée par partenaire commercial de la concentration et la concentration des produits d’exportation à l’inégalité de répartition des revenus. Soixante-quatorze autres grandes études internationales ont été fondées sur l’essai Sunkel (1973), qui est plus directement lié à la notion de pénétration des MNC que l’Essai Galtung (1971). Galtung (1971) et Sunkel (1973), à leur tour doivent être considérés comme les auteurs des essais catalyseurs pour les deux études pionnières sur la dépendance quantitative, écrits par Chase Dunn (1975) [qui fut à son tour suivi par 213 études], et Rubinson (1976) [qui à ce jour, a donné suite à 170 études dans les grandes revues de sciences sociales du monde]. Bornschier / Chase-Dunn / Rubinson, bâtissant sur Chase-Dunn (1975), et Rubinson (1978), donnèrent plus tard l’étude la plus importante dans le domaine, en systématisant la recherche basée sur le concept de la pénétration des MNC. Cet essai initialise 185 études suivantes, tandis que Bornschier / Ballmer-Cao, se consacrent à la question de l’inégalité économique comme une conséquence de la pénétration des MNC, donnèrent suite à 74 autres études.[2] Continue reading Documentation: Polarisation sociale à l’ère de la mondialisation
The CHE ExcellenceRanking for Natural Sciences, Economics, Political Science and Psychology in Europe
Sonja Berghoff, Uwe Brandenburg, Diane Carr, Cort-Denis Hachmeister, Hannah Leichsenring, Frank Ziegele
Abstract
The Centre for Higher Education Development (CHE) has designed an “ExcellenceRanking”. In the first round, the ranking concentrated on the natural sciences and mathematics.
The second round is dedicated to economics, political science and psychology. The centre applied a two-step approach for analysis. First, all European Departments in the surveyed fields were compared by a few general indicators. Second, for those departments that excelled in these indicators, an in-depth analysis was run based on an institutional questionnaire and a student survey. Continue reading Identifying the Best in Europe and the OIC countries
A companion to a multivariate analysis
Arno Tausch
Copenhagen and after. A 175 nation data set from international sources
The debate about globalization and the human condition in the 21st Century is really never-ending. In the following freely available data documentation, provided by the Austrian political scientist Dr. Arno Tausch, recent cross-national data from international sources for 175 countries were especially arranged for global students and researchers of globalization, with a special emphasis on the environment effects of globalization in the wake of the recent Copenhaguen conference.
With the present data set, sociologists, political scientists and economists will be able to exactly statistically estimate the effects of the following variables on global development: Continue reading Globalization and the human condition in the 21st Century.
Chinese see least threat from global warming; Japanese see the most
by Anita Pugliese and Julie Ray
GALLUP
Between 2007 and 2008, Gallup conducted the first comprehensive survey of global opinions about climate change, asking respondents in 128 countries about their awareness of the issue and the extent to which they perceive climate change as a threat to themselves and their families. Overall, Gallup’s data reveal a majority (61%) of the world’s adult population knows at least something about global warming. Forty-one percent are aware of the issue and perceive it as a serious threat.
The following is excerpted from “A Heated Debate: Global Attitudes Toward Climate Change,” which appears in the Fall issue of Harvard International Review on newsstands now. Continue reading Top-Emitting Countries Differ on Climate Change Threat
Internet appendix to Inglehart, Foa and Welzel,
“Social Change, Freedom and Rising Happiness,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
The following graphs shows the trends in happiness levels found in 24 countries, using comparable data from all available surveys for countries having at least xx datapoints from 1946 to 2007. These data are from Ruut Veenhoven’s World Database of Happiness, which include the data from the first four waves of the Values Surveys. These data were downloaded from http://worlddatabaseofhappiness.eur.nl/ and updated to include the results from the 2005-2007 World Values Survey. Continue reading Happiness trends in 24 countries, 1946-2006
Tausch Higher education and societal development EXCEL data file (3 Tables)
The Austrian political scientist Arno Tausch foresaw already in 1991 in an article for the widely circulated social democratic monthly “Die Zukunft”, published in Vienna, the crisis of the European Universities. Tausch proposed then the idea of a full University democracy with free elections of University Presidents, Deans etc. with a net household income per capita weighted tuition system. Continue reading Excellence Ranking 2009 And the Crisis of the European University
A cross-national data collection
Arno TAUSCH*
This data set combines the most up-to-date data on globalization and gender relations (combining these with data from the World Values Survey). The dataset in EXCEL format is freely available and draws on the following sources: Continue reading Globalization, global gender relations and value change in global society
Attitudes toward race not significantly improved from previous years
by Frank Newport – Gallup
PRINCETON, NJ — A majority of Americans, 56%, believe that a solution to America’s race-relations problem will eventually be worked out — a figure that is roughly the same as those Gallup found in the years prior to last fall’s historic election of Barack Obama as president.
Continue reading Little “Obama Effect” on Views About Race Relations
October 19, 2009
Approval increased by a median of 40 percentage points in 7 of 8 countries surveyed
by Cynthia English
WASHINGTON, D.C. — Approval of U.S. leadership increased significantly in seven of eight European countries between Gallup surveys conducted before and after President Barack Obama’s administration took office earlier this year. In most of these countries, however, significant minorities do not have an opinion on the new administration.
Continue reading U.S. Leadership Gets Approval Boost in Parts of Europe
Click below for more on these topics:
World Citizens’ Views on U.S. Leadership, Pre- and Post-Obama
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